# Dark Atoms of the Universe: towards OHe nuclear physics - Astrophysics > Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics

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Abstract: The nonbaryonic dark matter of the Universe is assumed to consist of newstable particles. A specific case is possible, when new stable particles bearordinary electric charge and bind in heavy -atoms- by ordinary Coulombinteraction. Such possibility is severely restricted by the constraints onanomalous isotopes of light elements that form positively charged heavy specieswith ordinary electrons. The trouble is avoided, if stable particles $X^{-}$with charge -2 are in excess over their antiparticles with charge +2 andthere are no stable particles with charges +1 and -1. Then primordial helium,formed in Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, captures all $X^{-}$ in neutral -atoms- ofO-helium OHe. Schrodinger equation for system of nucleus and OHe isconsidered and reduced to an equation of relative motion in a sphericallysymmetrical potential, formed by the Yukawa tail of nuclear scalar isoscalarattraction potential, acting on He beyond the nucleus, and dipole Coulombrepulsion between the nucleus and OHe at small distances between nuclearsurfaces of He and nucleus. The values of coupling strength and mass of$\sigma$-meson, mediating scalar isoscalar nuclear potential, are ratheruncertain. Within these uncertainties and in the approximation of rectangularpotential wells and wall we find a range of these parameters, at which thesodium nuclei have a few keV binding energy with OHe. The result also stronglydepend on the precise value of parameter $d o$ that determines the size ofnuclei. At nuclear parameters, reproducing DAMA results, OHe-nucleus boundstates can exist only for intermediate nuclei, thus excluding direct comparisonwith these results in detectors, containing very light e.g. $^3He$ and heavynuclei like Xe.

Autor: Maxim Yu. Khlopov, Andrey G. Mayorov, Evgeny Yu. Soldatov

Fuente: https://arxiv.org/